Spelling conventions
Preferred options/exceptions to standard practice
- DAX, MDAX are written in capitals (not: Dax, MDax)
- Hannover (city name): same in German and English (not: Hanover). In other languages the usual spelling is used (e.g. Hanovre)
- Hannover Re, E+S Rück (never: hannover re®, e+s rück)
- Hannover Re Group (not: Hannover-Re Group)
- non-...: non-traditional, non-proportional (not: nonproportional, nontraditional)
Reporting/marketing (specific to Hannover Re)
English | German |
---|---|
Hannover Re, Hannover Re Group | Hannover Rück, Hannover Rück-Gruppe, Hannover Rück-Konzern |
Hannover Rück SE | Hannover Rück SE |
E+S Rückversicherung AG | E+S Rückversicherung AG |
business group | Geschäftsfeld |
life and health (reinsurance, business, market,...), life & health (reinsurance, business, market,...) => business of Hannover Re or market in general | Personen-Rückversicherung (Geschäft der Hannover Rück oder Märkte allgemein) |
Life & Health (reinsurance, business group), L&H (reinsurance, business group) => organisational unit of Hannover Re | Personen-Rückversicherung (Geschäftsfeld/Organisationseinheit Hannover Rück) |
property and casualty (reinsurance, business, market,...) property & casualty (reinsurance, business, market,...) => business of Hannover Re or market in general | Schaden-Rückversicherung (Geschäft der Hannover Rück oder Märkte allgemein) |
Property & Casualty (reinsurance, business group), P&C (reinsurance, business group) => organisational unit of Hannover Re) | Schaden-Rückversicherung (Geschäftsfeld/Organisationseinheit Hannover Rück) |
A full list is given here: Corporate Wording (XLS)
Capitalisation
English: as used in the Financial Times. The names of Hannover Re's business groups are capitalised and the two elements are linked by an "&" sign. The abbreviated form has no spaces between the capital letters and the "&" sign. Depending upon the context, the words "reinsurance" or "business group" may be added afterwards without capital letters.
When reference is clearly being made to an organisational unit or, as part of an overview, to an area of responsibility, (e.g. in organisational charts, overview of Board responsibilities in the Annual Report, in image brochures etc.), the name of the organisational unit is capitalised.
However, when the subject matter in question is business or the markets in general, the designation is not capitalised. Elements are linked by an "and". In order to avoid unsightly combinations such as "life and health and property and casualty", the elements that belong together may be linked with an "&" sign ("life & health and property & casualty"). An abbreviation is not used in such instances.
The "&" sign is to be used only in conjunction with the two business groups P&C and L&H and with Hannover Re's business (property & casualty and life & health) as well as the markets in general (see table above). It may not be used for lines of business, departments etc. This serves to avoid visually overloading the reader and at the same time brings out the higher-order status of the business groups.
Lines of business (aviation, marine etc.) are not capitalised in continuous text. They are capitalised as part of a division's name (e.g. Direct and Facultative Division).
German: as in the latest "Duden" spelling dictionary
Date and times
In lists, calendar entries, titles
Date format yyyy-mm-dd
- 2005-12-31
- 2007-02-08/09
- 2007-02-28/03-01
In tables
- yyyy-mm-dd without brackets or
- short form 1.1.-31.3.2011
In continuous text
English:
- 2 September 2012 or
- 2 Sep 2012 or
- 2 Sep 12
German:
- 2. September 2012 or
- 2. Sep 2012 or
- 2. Sep 12
English language
British English (with "s" as in "organisation") for all purposes except marketing material exclusively for specific English-language markets (e.g. USA) and subsidiaries headquartered in specific English-language markets (e.g. HLR US).
British English (BE) for all purposes except marketing material exclusively intended for specific English-language markets (e.g. USA) or subsidiaries headquartered in specific English-language markets (e.g. HLR US). American English (AE) may be used in these cases.
Notable examples of differences in orthography between BE and AE:
- Suffix "-s-"/"-z-" ("organise", "organising", "organisation"). We use the "-s-" form for all purposes other than the exception discussed in the opening paragraph. Strictly speaking, this is not a BE/AE distinction because both forms are acceptable in BE (with very few specific exceptions such as AE "analyze"), whereas AE only uses the "-z-" form.
- Many words ending in "-re" in BE are written "-er" in AE (BE "centre"/AE "center").
- The BE ending "-our" corresponds to the AE ending "-or" in numerous words (BE "colour"/AE "color", BE "favour"/AE "favor").
- In certain words BE "-ce" corresponds to AE "-se" (BE "licence"/AE "license", BE "defence"/AE "defense"); as an additional complication, there are cases where AE consistently uses "-se" but BE uses "-ce" for the noun and "-se" for the verb: BE "practice" (noun), "practise" (verb), BE "licence" (noun), "license" (verb), but AE "practise", "license" in all contexts.
- The presence of a single or double "l" in a word may vary depending, among other things, on the language of origin. For example, BE "traveller" but AE "traveler", BE "fulfil" but AE "fulfill".
- Last but not least, the shortening of some word endings is more common in AE: BE "catalogue" but AE "catalog", BE "programme" but AE "program". Note, however, that BE uses the spelling "program" in the IT field.
Previous year´s figures
English: when first mentioned in continuous text "(previous year: EUR xx million)", thereafter only currency and amount in brackets "(EUR xx million)".
German: when first mentioned in continuous text "(Vj.: xx Mio. EUR)", thereafter only amount and currency in brackets "(xx Mio. EUR)".
Numbers
Numbers are written in the standard English/German notation:
- English: positive/negative number: 1,234.5 / (1,234.5)
- English: upward/downward change: +10% / -23%
- German: positive/negative number: 1.234,5 / -1.234,5
- German: upward/downward change: +10 % / -23 %
Please note: in English there is no space between the number and the percent sign, in German they are separated by a space.
Items with a value of zero in a table are indicated by "-" (not: "0").